Understanding HPV (Human Papillomavirus): Testing, Diagnosis and What to Do Next
What is HPV?
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted virus, affecting up to 80% of Australians at least once in their lifetime. There are many strains of HPV, with some strains being more associated with it’s effect on the body. Many individuals don’t know they have HPV, as it is common to not have any obvious symptoms.
With a strong and robust immune system, the human body has the capacity to clear the presence of HPV on its own, typically within two years. But, there are over 100 different strains of the virus and multiple types (such type 16 and 18) that have a higher risk of causing cell abnormality and can potentially lead to cancer - and this is what they are screening for when you complete your cervical screening (which used to be known as a papsmear).
Other strains can cause genital warts (such as type 6 and 11), unusual growths or skin lesions that may or may not cause discomfort. Many strains cause no symptoms at all, which is why transmission of this virus is so common.
How do I know if I have HPV?
To diagnose HPV in AFAB individuals, it’s necessary to book a cervical screening with your trusted doctor (GP).
There are two options available now: A self collect thin prep swab, OR your GP will take a speculum, or a long swab, to collect some cells from the cervix themselves. These cells will then be tested to see if HPV is present and if so, to diagnose the strain.
The differentiation between strains is important. Some strains cause low level dysplasia (abnormal cell growth) that can resolve without treatment. But other strains can cause high-risk multiplication and may need to be monitored more closely.
In 2017, cervical screening recommendations changed from being tested every two years to now only needing to be checked every five years.
It is recommended to begin cervical screening if you are over the age of 25, sexually active or have multiple partners, if it has been five years since your last screening or you have experienced symptoms such as pain or unusual discharge.
What do I do if I have HPV?
The next steps will involve guidance from your GP or gynaecologist. Based on your results and cellular changes, they will advise you to come back for a re-test either 6-12 months time, or in the instance of higher grade cellular changes they may recommend a procedure known as LLETZ or LEEP.
My best advice, firstly, is to try not freak out, or go down a google rabbit hole! This is a natural instinct but it can often lead to more confusion and worst case scenario. The best thing you can do is inform yourself through reputable websites such as HPV.com.au and book in for an appointment with your appropriate care team, or a naturopathic appointment if you are hoping to educate yourself more or put in place strategies to help eliminate HPV presence naturally.
If you are experiencing genital warts, this can be supported with your trusted GP or specialist to complete appropriate procedure, if desired.
Naturopathic support is available
There are many natural treatment options available that have research to reduce the presence of HPV. Some people like to do everything they can within their 6-12 month window before they retest again. There are a few things taken into consideration to support the clearance of HPV:
Immunity strength and resilience.
Stress and hormonal health.
Vaginal microbiome health, as individuals who may be prone to recurrent infections or experience low Lactobacilli (our good bacteria) may find their HPV persists.
Support lifestyle and dietary practices.
If you have known that you have HPV for some time, or you are experiencing higher grade abnormal cellular changes and you are wanting to explore naturopathic medicine to support you further, a targeted approach based can be discussed in consultation with Jessie.
Jessie happily works collaboratively with your GP or specialist, who may be willing to support natural treatment support whilst you are awaiting your 6 or 12 month review.
Appointments are available via telehealth or in person at the Good Vibes Clinic in Surry Hills.